前言

为什么要在树莓派上安装 $\TeX$ Live 呢？因为好玩可以学到 Linux 的一些东西，还可以拿来装逼体验 Linux 下跑 $\LaTeX$ 的速度。

以此贴笼统的记录全过程，配置树莓派的过程比较简略，毕竟详细的步骤网上都有很多，搜一搜就能找到。

正文

用到的主要设备：

• Raspberry Pi 4 Model B
• 网线
• 读卡器
• tf 卡
• Win 10 笔记本电脑

购买

找到官网推荐的购买链接，选择

• Select a model: 4GB RAM
• Country: 中国

然后找一家淘宝店购买。（注意 RPi 4B 的发热比较严重，建议购买主动散热装置）

组装及烧录

组装看配套的说明手册。

烧录我是用了淘宝店提供的百度网盘里的软件。（也可以用官网提供的 Downloads，总之不是重点）

格式化 tf 卡、烧录好系统之后，在 tf 卡的主目录下创建一个

• 文件名为 ssh
• 不带后缀

的文件，代表开启树莓派的 SSH 功能。

用 SSH、VNC 连接树莓派

参考知乎问题《没有显示器可以使用树莓派么，初次安装过程中呢？》。（温馨提示：可以连接上树莓派的 IP 地址可能要等一段时间才能刷出来，如果测试了好几个 IP 都不行，就多等会）

安装 TeX Live

在《TeX Live 2019安装指南》中，@李阿玲提到

如果想要装TUG官方的，还不能从iso里面安装，得用联网安装的模式。

经测试，如果用 iso 安装，会返回

Quitting, no binary platform specified/available.
See https://tug.org/texlive/custom-bin.html for
information on other precompiled binary sets.

因此采用联网安装的方式（参考《Texlive网络安装与配置》）。
下载安装程序（这里使用阿里云，可以自己换源）

wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/install-tl-unx.tar.gz
tar -zxvf install-tl-unx.tar.gz

切换到压缩包解压后的位置（这里写的是我的树莓派解压后的位置）

cd /home/pi/install-tl-20200805

开始安装

sudo ./install-tl --no-gui -location http://mirrors.aliyun.com/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/

然后根据自己的需求选择性安装，由于树莓派我是打算拿来跑程序而不是拿来查文档的，因此我选择了不安装说明文档。安装界面如下：

======================> TeX Live installation procedure <=====================

======>   Letters/digits in <angle brackets> indicate   <=======
======>   menu items for actions or customizations      <=======

 Detected platform: GNU/Linux on ARMv6/RPi
 
 <B> set binary platforms: 1 out of 16

 <S> set installation scheme: scheme-full

 <C> set installation collections:
     40 collections out of 41, disk space required: 6983 MB

 <D> set directories:
   TEXDIR (the main TeX directory):
     /usr/local/texlive/2020
   TEXMFLOCAL (directory for site-wide local files):
     /usr/local/texlive/texmf-local
   TEXMFSYSVAR (directory for variable and automatically generated data):
     /usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-var
   TEXMFSYSCONFIG (directory for local config):
     /usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-config
   TEXMFVAR (personal directory for variable and automatically generated data):
     ~/.texlive2020/texmf-var
   TEXMFCONFIG (personal directory for local config):
     ~/.texlive2020/texmf-config
   TEXMFHOME (directory for user-specific files):
     ~/texmf

 <O> options:
   [ ] use letter size instead of A4 by default
   [X] allow execution of restricted list of programs via \write18
   [X] create all format files
   [X] install macro/font doc tree
   [X] install macro/font source tree
   [ ] create symlinks to standard directories

 <V> set up for portable installation

Actions:
 <I> start installation to hard disk
 <P> save installation profile to 'texlive.profile' and exit
 <H> help
 <Q> quit

键入 O，返回：

===============================================================================
Options customization:

 <P> use letter size instead of A4 by default: [ ]
 <E> execution of restricted list of programs: [X]
 <F> create all format files:                  [X]
 <D> install font/macro doc tree:              [X]
 <S> install font/macro source tree:           [X]
 <L> create symlinks in standard directories:  [ ]
            binaries to: 
            manpages to: 
                info to: 

Actions: (disk space required: 6983 MB)
 <R> return to main menu
 <Q> quit

键入 D 取消安装文档，键入 R，返回主界面，键入 C 选择性安装 $\TeX$ Live 的 collection：

===============================================================================
Select collections:

 a [X] Essential programs and files      w [X] Italian                         
 b [X] BibTeX additional styles          x [X] Japanese                        
 c [X] TeX auxiliary programs            y [X] Korean                          
 d [X] ConTeXt and packages              z [X] Other languages                 
 e [X] Additional fonts                  A [X] Polish                          
 f [X] Recommended fonts                 B [X] Portuguese                      
 g [X] Graphics and font utilities       C [X] Spanish                         
 h [X] Additional formats                D [X] LaTeX fundamental packages      
 i [X] Games typesetting                 E [X] LaTeX additional packages       
 j [X] Humanities packages               F [X] LaTeX recommended packages      
 k [X] Arabic                            G [X] LuaTeX packages                 
 l [X] Chinese                           H [X] MetaPost and Metafont packages  
 m [X] Chinese/Japanese/Korean (base)    I [X] Music packages                  
 n [X] Cyrillic                          J [X] Graphics, pictures, diagrams    
 o [X] Czech/Slovak                      K [X] Plain (La)TeX packages          
 p [X] US and UK English                 L [X] PSTricks                        
 s [X] Other European languages          M [X] Publisher styles, theses, etc.  
 t [X] French                            N [ ] Windows-only support programs   
 u [X] German                            O [X] XeTeX and packages              
 v [X] Greek                            
 P [X] Mathematics, natural sciences, computer science packages
 S [X] TeXworks editor; TL includes only the Windows binary

Actions: (disk space required: 4143 MB)
 <-> deselect all
 <+> select all
 <R> return to main menu
 <Q> quit

键入 - 取消所有，参考《TeX Live宏包集合和自定义安装》，键入 abcflmDFGJOP，返回

 a [X] Essential programs and files      w [ ] Italian                         
 b [X] BibTeX additional styles          x [ ] Japanese                        
 c [X] TeX auxiliary programs            y [ ] Korean                          
 d [ ] ConTeXt and packages              z [ ] Other languages                 
 e [ ] Additional fonts                  A [ ] Polish                          
 f [X] Recommended fonts                 B [ ] Portuguese                      
 g [ ] Graphics and font utilities       C [ ] Spanish                         
 h [ ] Additional formats                D [X] LaTeX fundamental packages      
 i [ ] Games typesetting                 E [ ] LaTeX additional packages       
 j [ ] Humanities packages               F [X] LaTeX recommended packages      
 k [ ] Arabic                            G [X] LuaTeX packages                 
 l [X] Chinese                           H [ ] MetaPost and Metafont packages  
 m [X] Chinese/Japanese/Korean (base)    I [ ] Music packages                  
 n [ ] Cyrillic                          J [X] Graphics, pictures, diagrams    
 o [ ] Czech/Slovak                      K [ ] Plain (La)TeX packages          
 p [ ] US and UK English                 L [ ] PSTricks                        
 s [ ] Other European languages          M [ ] Publisher styles, theses, etc.  
 t [ ] French                            N [ ] Windows-only support programs   
 u [ ] German                            O [X] XeTeX and packages              
 v [ ] Greek                            
 P [X] Mathematics, natural sciences, computer science packages
 S [ ] TeXworks editor; TL includes only the Windows binary

Actions: (disk space required: 996 MB)
 <-> deselect all
 <+> select all
 <R> return to main menu
 <Q> quit

键入 R 返回主界面

======================> TeX Live installation procedure <=====================

======>   Letters/digits in <angle brackets> indicate   <=======
======>   menu items for actions or customizations      <=======

 Detected platform: GNU/Linux on ARMv6/RPi
 
 <B> set binary platforms: 1 out of 16

 <S> set installation scheme: scheme-custom

 <C> set installation collections:
     12 collections out of 41, disk space required: 996 MB

 <D> set directories:
   TEXDIR (the main TeX directory):
     /usr/local/texlive/2020
   TEXMFLOCAL (directory for site-wide local files):
     /usr/local/texlive/texmf-local
   TEXMFSYSVAR (directory for variable and automatically generated data):
     /usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-var
   TEXMFSYSCONFIG (directory for local config):
     /usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-config
   TEXMFVAR (personal directory for variable and automatically generated data):
     ~/.texlive2020/texmf-var
   TEXMFCONFIG (personal directory for local config):
     ~/.texlive2020/texmf-config
   TEXMFHOME (directory for user-specific files):
     ~/texmf

 <O> options:
   [ ] use letter size instead of A4 by default
   [X] allow execution of restricted list of programs via \write18
   [X] create all format files
   [ ] install macro/font doc tree
   [X] install macro/font source tree
   [ ] create symlinks to standard directories

 <V> set up for portable installation

Actions:
 <I> start installation to hard disk
 <P> save installation profile to 'texlive.profile' and exit
 <H> help
 <Q> quit

发现只需要 996 MB，不喜欢这个数字的朋友可以多 / 少安装几个 collection。键入 I 开始安装。

安装完之后，开始设置环境变量。（参考 install-latex）

sudo apt-get install gedit
gedit ~/.bashrc

在打开的文件末尾添加（实际上只需要第一个环境变量即可）

# Add TeX Live to the PATH, MANPATH, INFOPATH
export PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2020/bin/armhf-linux:$PATH
export MANPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/doc/man:$MANPATH
export INFOPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/doc/info:$INFOPATH

并保存退出，输入

tex -v

查看是否安装成功。若成功，接下来处理字体，输入

sudo cp /usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-var/fonts/conf/texlive-fontconfig.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/09-texlive.conf

将配置文件复制到系统，然后继续执行

sudo fc-cache -fsv

刷新字体缓存。至此安装结束。

然后就可以测试树莓派的性能，开始愉快的玩耍了。（测试代码可以使用 @stone-zeng 的博文《$\TeX$ 性能评测》中的代码）